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Vote for Sundarban : Sheikh Hasina, Honorable Prime Minister

A fasicinating beauty of Sundorbon The beautiful sundorbon forest is the located in the khulna region of Bangladesh. It is famous for it’s natural beauty, Royal bengal, deer, mangrove forest and claimity.Now it is running towards the apex position of world wonder’s among the several world beauty place,area,natural and arificial creature.Sundarban has the world largest mangrove forest and natural habitat of Royal Bangal Tiger. Most populer tourist place in Bangladesh. Natural beauty, wildlife, river cruise are attractions for the tourist. Hi every body, I like to say you with cheerfulness that Mangrove Sundorbon is selected one of 7wonder place in world. It is situated in country of Bangladesh at Bagerhat area and fortunately, I live in that district. So I am very happy for it. Sundorbon is the biggest Mangrove forest in the whole world. The Royal Bengel Tiger lives in this Jangle. And many other animals, birds and trees are available in there. Nobody can enter in this jangle without gun. This is very very danger place for human. A lot of wild animals move there. world largest mangrove forest “Sundorbon” | New7Wonders. world largest mangrove forest “Sundorbon” all friends you are invited to visit sundorbon in bangladesh. The beautiful sundorbon forest is the located in the khulna region of Bangladesh. It is famous for it’s natural beauty, Royal bengal, deer, mangrove forest. The government of Bangladesh has recently provided an updated Ramsar Information Sheet on its Sundarbans Ramsar site, first designated for the Ramsar List in May 1992, enlarging its area from 596,000 to 601,700 hectares. Now to be called “Sundarbans Reserved Forest”, this Ramsar and World Heritage site is one of the most important mangrove forests in the world and has been significantly threatened from a number of directions for many years. The nearby Sundarbans mangrove forest across the border in India is not yet a Ramsar site but it is hoped that it will be soon. Ramsar’s Liazzat Rabbiosi has distilled from the new RIS a brief summary of the site’s main ecological and cultural features, and that’s available, with photographs, right here. The Sundarbans Reserved Forest (‘the Beautiful Forest’) is located between 21°27′ and 22°30’N, 89°02′ and 90°00’E at the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers, which together with the innumerable small channels and creeks flowing into the Bay of Bengal dissect the whole area creating the largest contiguous mangrove forest in the world. The site is a hotspot of rich flora and fauna, home to a number of unique and globally or nationally endangered species of plants like rare Sundri (Heritiera fomes), Gewa (Excoecaria agallocha), Passur (Xylocarpus mekongensis), animals like endangered Royal Bengal . Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), vulnerable Pallas Fishing Eagle (Haliaeetus leucoryphus) and Masked Finfoot (Heliopais personata), and critically endangered River Terrapin (Batagur baska), all listed in the IUCN Red Book, rare species of shark (Glephys gangeticus) and very rich avifauna with 315 species of which 84 are migratory. At this transitional zone between freshwater supplied by rivers and saline water pushed by high tides from open sea, many fish species such as Penaeus monodon, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Lates calcarif, Metapeneaus monoceros and Pangaisus pangaisus depend for spawning and juvenile feeding on the Sundarbans aquatic habitat. The wetland is remarkable for protection from the tidal surge generated from the cyclonic depression in the Bay of Bengal. About one third of the total area is used as protected area for the conservation of biological diversity. In addition, the abundant fish and biomass resources (namely timber, fuelwood, pulpwood, leaves, shells, crabs, honey and fish) are harvested by local communities. There is a shipping route through the Sundarbans. The area’s religious and cultural importance is reflected in a religious festival once a year which attracts local Hindu devotees and in the venerable ruined Hindu temple of Sheikh at Shekher Tek. The reduction in fresh water flow due to water diversion, the construction of dykes combined with the pollution of the industries and the ports of Khulna and Mongla have tremendously affected the plant and fish population of Sundarbans. The site is notable for the long history of scientific management with protected areas established along the southern periphery of this mangrove wetland. There are eight field stations that provide data for a number of ongoing studies and researches. Recently an information and education center was established at Khulna and a new Integrated Sundarbans management plan is under preparation under the Sundarbans Biodiversity Conservation Project funded by Asian Development Bank. world largest mangrove forest “Sundorbon” all friends you are invited to visit sundorbon in bangladesh. The beautiful sundorbon forest is the located in the khulna region of Bangladesh. It is famous for it’s natural beauty, Royal bengal, deer, mangrove forest. Sundorbon: Largest Mangrove Forest in The World. Sundorbon is the largest mangrove forest in the world. It lies across areas of Bangladesh and West Bengal, India. Its a cluster of islands with an approximate area of 6000 sq. km. forming the largest block of littoral forests.It is estimated that there are now 400+ Bengal tigers and about 30,000+ spotted deer in the forest!UNESCO has decleared the Sundorbon a world heritage site that it offers splendid opportunities for tourism. About Sundorbon Forest It’s beauty lies in its unique natural surrounding. The Sundorbon is intersected by a complex network of tidal waterways, mudflats and small islands of salt-tolerant mangrove forests, and presents an excellent example of ongoing ecological processes. Thousands of meandering streams, creeks, rivers and estuaries have enhanced its charm. Sundarbans meaning beautiful forest is the natural habital of the world famous Royal Bengal Tiger, spotted deer, crocodiles, jungle fowl, wild boar, lizards, theses monkey and numerous species of birds. Migratory flock of Siberian ducks flying over thousands of sail boats loaded with timber, golpatta (round-leaf), fuel wood, honey, shell and fish further add to the serene natural beauty of the Sundarbans. It is estimated that there are now 400+ Bengal tigers and about 30,000+ spotted deer in the forest!AREANearly 2400 sq. miles or 6000 sq. km.FOREST LIMITSNorth-Bagerhat, Khulna and Sathkira districts : South-Bay of Bengal; East-Baleswar (or Haringhata) river, Perojpur, Barisal district and West-Raimangal and Hariabhanga rivers which partially form Bangladesh boundary with West Bengal in India. MAIN ATTRACTIONS Wildlife photography including photography of the famous Royal Bengal Tiger, wildlife viewing, boating inside the forest will call recordings, nature study, meeting fishermen, wood-cutters and honey-collectors, peace and tranquility in the wilderness, seeing the world’s largest mangrove forest and the riverine beauty. Sundorbon selected as one of the new seven wonders of the world!
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About Mukthi

In the year of 1953 I came to this beautiful world while violent storm was shivering mother earth. In the month of April on the 13th which happened to be a Tuesday, I cried for the first time on my mothers’ lap and all my relatives rejoiced. It was an occasion of double happiness because my birth brought the long happy New Year along with it.This is Mukthi, Mukthishena71, somebody called me Mokter, some one mothul, but in 1971 I have changed my name when I have joined the Liberation war as a freedom fighter. The freedom fighter of Bangladesh liberation war called Mukthi bahini / Mukthifouze / Mukthishena, just I have found the new name so no one can call me others name which is not perfect and didn’t like. I became Mukthi, Moktel Hossain Mukthi. I’m from South Akal Barish Village, Banshgadi Union under Kalkini UpaZila of Madaripur district.

Basically I have sang tagore songs in the media. Sometimes composing the music and lyricist I couldn’t anything in my life. Neither had I done anything for the people nor for my family due to my abnormality in 1975 august. Whereas, I got so many opportunity/ chances in my life that I couldn’t proper used for the people whom I loved so much. I loved father of nation Bangabandhu we couldn’t safe him & his family in 1975 being a freedom fighter that was one kind of burning fire on my heartiest chest.

I have cried a lot on the streets in 1975 for Bangabandhu even I was on the streets until midnight as a mad (I was in then PG Hospital under treatment of Dr. Hazera Mahtab (daughter of Late Dr. Ibrahim & wife of Dr. Fashiuddin Mahtab ) three months. the Ministry of Land allowed my job without pay of there months salary due to my abnormality.

After liberation father of nation Bangabandhu & first Prime Minister of Bangladesh Late tajuddin Ahmed had given me a job in the ministry of land in 1972.  I have worked with 11 Ministers & 9 full secretary including Abu Taher (Bangabandhu was selected him for Governor of Dhaka Division) M. Mokammel Huq, M. Keramat ALi, Golam Mostofa, jamsher Uddin Dr. Kamal Uddin Siddiqui, Md, Shahidul Alam and other so many.

It is my great pleasure that I have worked with late abdur rob serniabat, Mollah Jalal, Sri Fonibhushon Majumdar, demoted Minister Mohamed Ullah (few days President of Bangladesh)

I have beaten the police officer at Tejgaon Rail line in 1976 in absence of mind than finally central jail. The police beaten me whole night’s even put hot water to my face. Do you know why I have beaten that police officer?  Yes, which I want to tell you that police sub inspector used slang and foul language to father of nation Shahid Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib, sheikh kamal, sheikh jamal and sheikh fazlul haque moni at that midnight while I was coming from FDC Studio. After 14 days my elder brother took out me from the custody and finally PG Hospital for mental treatment. Dr. said its not mental case, just keep him as he as wants to do.

Second thing: I was in Japan in 1992. On e day I have participated 21 February program which was arranged by Bangladesh Embassy of Tokyo, Japan. The program will be inaugurated by the Deputy High Commissioner Bangabandhu murderer Lt. Col. Rashed Choudhury instead of the High Commissioner. The ex student leader Md. Kofiluddin, Akbor, Prince, mezbah, Apu sarwar will not allow Rashed Choudhury to touch the national and black mourn flags. They made rally to protect him from the inauguration program and I was one of them to protest & postpone entire program and if killer Rashed Choudhury inaugurate the program we will not perform at the same program. High Commission called police nearby 5 hundreds of police surround us. Police commissioner came and spokes all of us, than he realized the real situation.  That was an ideals decision by all of us.

The empty ground of Bengali nation will never be fulfilling without Shahid Bangabandhu & Late 4 National Leaders. I am writing the song of remembrances those heroes given the independence of Bengali nation & singing on occasionally. It is my great pleasure that I was closed to them all in 1972-1975 august 15.

More interesting some of story I’d like to tell you. Later on I was PS to Md. Noor Ali, Chairmen & Managing Director, Unique Group (1997-2001). Noor Ali was nominated by Awami League in 2001 for Nawabganj constituency. Late Agricultural Economist Shankar Goswami, President Bangladesh Student League (former APS to HPM AFM Bahauddin Nasim was the Secretary General of NASIM GOSWAMI COUNCIL) was political secretary. Shankar and I lead the entire election campaign at Nawabganj in 2001. I have written 10 songs for that election and published an album in favor of BOATS & NOOR ALI. You know 2001 National Assembly Election was engineering by the army and CIA PISI so Awami league failure to get the power.

Thereafter, it was very sad heart paining story.  Some of miscreants suddenly had attacked to Unique Group to heats NOOR ALI but he was in out only they found some of staffs and me. They hits me, kicks me as the human people some times beating the animals. They took my hair from my foreheads’. I apologized for my campaign, album & supporting Awami league. I said forgive me, I beg pardon as a freedom fighter to them. Leave me the country, I will never come and never sing any songs of Bangabandhu & Awami league.

No more dear friends ……………

 

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মুজিবীয় সুভেচ্ছা

http://thefounderofbangladesh.wordpress.com

http://www.facebook.com/ekatturer.shenanee

http://jathirpitha.wordpress.com

http://skmujiburrahman.blogspot.com

http://thefounderofbangladesh.wordpress.com

http://razakarnizami.blogspot.com

http://warcriminalnizami.blogspot.com/

http://warcriminalsakachoudhury.blogpsot.com

http://warcriminalsinbangladesh.blogspot.com

http://ziaandrazakars.blogspot.com

http://khaledaziaandrazakars.wordpress.com

দূরের এবং কাছের, দেশে এবং দেশের বাইরের সকল বাংলা ভাষাভাষী ভাই বোনদের জানাই মুজিবীয় সুভেচ্ছা এবং  সকল শহীদদের প্রতি জানাচ্ছি গভীর শ্রদ্ধা । মহান স্বাধীনতার মহা নায়ক, সর্বকালের সর্বশ্রেষ্ঠ বাঙ্গালী, জাতির জনক বঙ্গবন্ধু শেখ মুজিবের অকাল মৃত্যুতে বাংলাদেশ একটি নেত্রীত্ব শুন্য পড়ে । আমরা জানি তাঁকে আর ফিরে পাওয়া যাবেনা। যে একবার যায় সে আর ফিরে না, এইতো বিধির অমোঘ নিয়ম। বাঙ্গালী জাতি যে সোনার মানুষটিকে হারিয়েছে এবং ১৯৭৫ সালের ১৫ই অগাস্ট গুটিকয়েক বন্দুকধারী বিপথগামী কুজন্মা কুলাঙ্গার এই বিশ্বকাপানো বিশ্বনেতাকে রাতের অন্ধকারে কাপুরুষের মত স্বপরিবারে হত্যার মাধ্যমে স্বাধীনতার লাল আর সবুজের পতাকায় আবার চন্দ্রবিন্দু (চাঁদ তারা) বসানোর হীন চক্রান্তে লিপ্ত হয়েছিলো।

বঙ্গবন্ধুর অকাল প্রয়াণে ৩০ লক্ষ বাঙ্গালীর তাজা রক্ত আর লক্ষ লক্ষ মা-বোনের মহা সম্পদ সম্ভ্রম  ইজ্জতের মুল্যে কেনা মহান স্বাধীনতা হুমকির সম্মুখীন হয়েছিলো। আল্লাহর  অশেষ মেহেরবানী বঙ্গবন্ধুকণ্যা জননেত্রী শেখ হাসিনা তাঁর মেধা এবং চোউকশ বুদ্ধিমত্তা তথা মহান মুক্তিযুদ্ধের চেতনায়শিক্ত বাংলাদেশ আওয়ামী লীগের বলিষ্ঠ ভূমিকা এবং স্বাধীনতাপ্রিয় কোটি কোটি মানুষের ত্যাগ তিতিক্ষা,   দেশমাতৃকার টানে উদ্গত অগাধ ভালোবাসা, সর্বপরি জাতীয় ঔক্য সকল বাঁধা বিপত্তিকে কাটিয়ে বাংলাদেশের রাজনীতির ইতিহাসে সর্বকালের সকল রেকর্ড ভঙ্গ করে বিপুল ভোটে বিজয়ের মাধ্যমে দিতীয়বার মন্ত্রীপরিষদ গঠণ করেছেন ।

জননেত্রী শেখ হাসিনা তাঁর নিবাচনী ইশ্তেহারে স্বাধীনতা বিরোধীদের যথাযথ বিচার প্রতিষ্ঠার ক্ষেত্রে আইনানুগ ব্যবস্থা গ্রহণ এবং ডিজিটাল বাংলাদেশ গড়ার প্রতিশ্রতি প্রদান করেছিলেন । আমরা এখনো আশাবাদী এবং ইনশাল্লাহ তিনি সফল হবেনই।

গোটা জাতি এখনো রাজাকার আল বদর এবং আল শামসদের বিচারের আশায় মাননীয় প্রধানমন্ত্রীর দিকে বুকভরা আশা নিয়ে তাকিয়ে আছে। দ্রব্যমুল্যস্ফীতির কথা বাদ দিলেও রাজাকারের বিচারের বিষয়টি কোনোভাবেই বাদ দেয়া যায়না। গ্যাস বিদ্যুৎ পানিসহ জাতীয় উন্নয়ন সরকারের আগামী অদূর ভবিষ্যতে পুনঃরায় ক্ষমতায়নের ক্ষেত্রে সহায়ক ভূমিকা পালন করতে পারে। কিন্তু রাজাকারের যথাযথ শাস্তিরবিধান একমাত্র আওয়ামী লীগই করতে পারেচাই ক্ষমতায় দ্বিতীয়বার আসুক আর নাই আসুক। এবং এই বিচার যদি কোনো কারনে বিলম্বিত বা নস্যাৎ হয় তাহলে আমরা ৩০ লক্ষ সহিদের রক্তের সাথে বেঈমানী করার সামিল হবো। 

জাতিরজনক বঙ্গবন্ধু হত্যামামলা ১৯৯৬ -২০০১ সময়ের মধ্যেই শেষ করা যেতো। কিন্তু সেখানে বিশেষ বুদ্ধিজীবীদের গদ গদ উপদেশ মাননীয়া প্রধানমন্ত্রীকে আগামী দিনের ইস্যু হাতে রাখার কবজ বা তাবীয হিসাবে কাজ করবে বলে উৎসাহিত করা হয় এবং মাননীয়নেত্রী বাধ্য হন বঙ্গবন্ধু হত্যামামলা ধীরস্থীর গতিতে চলার নীতি গ্রহণ করতে।

আমি এ লেখাটি লিখতাম না, জানি, যদিও আমার কোনো কোনো ভাই একটু রাগ করবেন। সম্প্রতি আমার কাছে ক্যানাডা থেকে আমার এক “মা” অথবা যদি বলি আমার এক “বোন” আমার কাছে এক হ্রদয় বিদারক ম্যাছেজ পাঠিয়ে জানতে চেয়েছে তাঁর জন্মগত পরিচয় কী? ?????????????????????????

ঐ ম্যাছেজটি আমার http://warcriminalsinbangladesh.wordpress.com  ৩৯ বছরের “বাংলাদেশ” নামের কন্যা সন্তান আজ বড় হয়ে তাঁর পিতৃ পরিচয় জানতে চাইছে। আমাকে জিজ্ঞেস করছে, তুমি মুক্তিযোদ্ধা ৭১ এ যুদ্ধ করেছো? তাহলেতো তুমিই বলতে পারো আমার বাবা কে? আমার মা কোথায় এখন? আমি জে মাদার তেরেসার আশ্রমে জনমে ছিলাম, সেটি কোথায়? এবং শেষের প্রশ্ন “ আমি ক্যানাডায় কেন?

আমি মূর্খ মৌড় কোনো জবাব দিতে পারিনি, শুধু ফেসবুকে সাবেক মন্ত্রী রাজ্জাকভাই, গোপালগঞ্জের মুক্তিযোদ্ধা সহিদুল আলম ভাই এবং মায়াভাইকে লিখলাম ভাই আমরা কি এদের খুঁজে বের করতে পারি? রাগে ক্ষোভে এবং প্রচন্ড ক্ষীপ্রতার সাথে লিখলাম, তাহলে ঐ নরঘাতক নরপিশাচ শুয়োর গোলাম আযম, নিজামী, সাঈদী আর সাকা চোউধুরীকে জিজ্ঞেস করেন?

মোকতেল হোসেন মুক্তি

মুক্তিযোদ্ধা

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25th march 1971:Operation Searchlight

:The Background of 25th March Genocide Posted by xanthis on March 25, 2008

the genocide bangali 1971

The night of massacre, 25th March 1971, was a complete military operation by Pakistan Army, officially named Operation Searchlight. The idea of this operation came to some of senior Generals after massive demonstration of East Pakistanis on 21st February 1971. This is one of very few military operations in post World War II history which ultimately had been planned against civilians, just to kill a smart percentage of them and to scare survivors. The concept of Operation Searchlight was inspired by the My Lai massacre that U.S. Army did in Vietnam. The plan was drawn up in March 1971 by Maj.Gen. Khadim Hussain Raza and Maj.Gen. Rao Farman Ali, as a result of a meeting between Pakistani army staff on the 22nd of February. Senior Pakistani officers in East Pakistan who were unwilling to support any military attack on civilians, Lt.Gen. Shahabzada Yakub Khan, GOC East Pakistan, and the governor Vice Adm. Ahsan, were relieved of their duties. As a replacement of these two officials, Lt.Gen. Tikka Khan was made both the Governor and GOC of East Pakistan. On March 17, Gen. Khadim Hussain Raza was given the go ahead to plan for the crackdown via telephone by Gen. Hamid, COS Pakistan Army. On the morning of March 18, Gen. Raza and Maj.Gen. Rao Farman Ali put the details to paper at the GOC’s office at Dhaka cantonment. The plan was written on a light blue office pad with a lead pencil by Gen. Farman containing sixteen paragraphs spread over five pages. Gen. Farman wrote out the operational premises and conditions for success, while Gen. Khadim dealt with the distribution of forces and particular tasks of the individual brigades and other units. Planners took this to consideration that the Bengali officers and other military or para-military units will revolt at the onset of operations. To minimize that risk, it was suggested that all Bengali armed units like Police, Riffles (EPR) should be disarmed and the political leadership arrested during their meeting with the President, Gen. Yahya Khan. No operational reserves were earmarked. Though the draft asked to disarm Police, EPR units, thousands of unarmed Police men & EPR troops were massacred inside Dhaka’s Police lines at Rajarbag & EPR Headquarters at Pilkhana. <!–[if gte vml 1]> <![endif]–><!–[if !vml]–>The handwritten plan was read out to Gen. Hamid and Lt.Gen. Tikka Khan on the 20th of March at the flag staff house. Gen. Hamid objected to the immediate disarming of regular army Bengali units but approved the disarming of EPR, armed police and other para-military formations. In the initial draft of the massacre plan, Pakistan’s genius Generals like Gen. Farman suggested that Awami League leaders could be arrested amid the ongoing dialogue with Gen. Yahya, but another genius Yahya Khan refused it, proved he is at least wiser than Gen. Farman . After frequent verification & scrutiny, the amended plan was approved and the operational plan was distributed to various area commanders on the 24th and the 25 March daytime, when a group of Pakistani Generals, accompanied by Gen. Hamid, Gen. Mittha, the QMG, and Col. Saadullah, PSO, visited the major garrisons via helicopter and personally briefed the various garrison commanders or senior West Pakistani officers on the operation. Gen. Mittha was the chief of the Special Services Group (SSG Commandos). SSG was given the vital role of the most dramatic chapter of total plan, the arrest of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Maj.Gen. Qamar Ali Mirza, and Brig.Gen. Harrison later arrived from West Pakistan to assist Gen. Mittha for arranging the logistical details, mainly because the non cooperation program by Awami League was causing immense impact including hampering food supplies to the military. Secrecy was maintained at extreme strictness, only a few junior commissioned officers learned about the plan beforehand on a need to know basis. Some Bengali officers had become suspicious of the all West Pakistani officer briefings. Later it showed that some of Bengali officers initiated revolts as a confused advance from their suspicions. The Operation started on the night of 25 March, 1971 in Dhaka, and other garrisons were to be alerted via phone about their zero hour to start their operations. Gen. Farman Ali commanded the forces in Dhaka, while the rest of the province was commanded by Gen. Khadim himself. Lt.Gen. Tikka Khan and his staff were present in the 31st field command center, to supervise and support the command staff of the 14th division inside Dhaka Cantonment. To the time of leaving Dhaka for Karachi, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto accompanied Gen. Tikka Khan inside the cantonment. While observing the massacre under name of ‘Operation Searchlight’, Zulfikar Ali at a moment showed interest to be taken with a military unit see what is happening in the city and asked for Gen. Tikka’s consent. Gen. Tikka refused him showing no reason.

the genocide bangali

Information

Early life of Bangabandhu

bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (Bengali: শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান Shekh Mujibur Rôhman) (March 17, 1920 – August 15, 1975) was a Bengali politician and the founding leader of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, generally considered in the country as the father of the Bengali nation. He headed the Awami League, served as the first President of Bangladesh and later became its Prime Minister. He is popularly referred to as Sheikh Mujib, and with the honorary title of Bangabandhu (বঙ্গবন্ধু Bôngobondhu, “Friend of Bengal”). His eldest daughter Sheikh Hasina Wajed is the present leader of the Awami League and the current Prime Minister of Bangladesh.

A student political leader, Mujib rose in East Pakistani politics and within the ranks of the Awami League as a charismatic and forceful orator. An advocate of socialism, Mujib became popular for his leadership against the ethnic and institutional discrimination of Bengalis. He demanded increased provincial autonomy, and became a fierce opponent of the military rule of Ayub Khan. At the heightening of sectional tensions, Mujib outlined a 6-point autonomy plan, which was seen as separatism in West Pakistan. He was tried in 1968 for allegedly conspiring with the Indian government but was not found guilty. Despite leading his party to a major victory in the 1970 elections, Mujib was not invited to form the government.

After talks broke down with President Yahya Khan and West Pakistani politician Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Sheikh Mujib on 26 March, 1971 announced the declaration of independence of East Pakistan and announced the establishment of the sovereign People’s Republic of Bangladesh. Subsequently he was arrested and tried by Rahimuddin Khan in a military court during his nine month detention. Guerrilla war erupted between government forces and Bengali nationalists aided by India. An all out war between the Pakistan Army and Bangladesh-India Joint Forces led to the establishment of Bangladesh, and after his release Mujib assumed office as a provisional president, and later prime minister. Even as a constitution was adopted, proclaiming socialism and a secular democracy, Mujib struggled to address the challenges of intense poverty and unemployment, coupled with rampant corruption. Amidst rising popular agitation, he banned other political parties and established a one party state. After only seven months, Mujib was assassinated along with most of his family by a group of army officers.

EARLY LIFE OF BANGABANDHU SK. MUJIB

Sk. Mujib, a student leader in 1949. Sk.Mujib was born in Tungipara, a village in Gopalganj District in the province of Bengal, to Sheikh Lutfar Rahman, a serestadar, an officer responsible for record-keeping at the Gopalganj civil court. He was the third child in a family of four daughters and two sons. In 1929, Rahman entered into class three at Gopalganj Public School, and two years later, class four at Madaripur Islamia High School. However, Mujib was withdrawn from school in 1934 to undergo eye surgery, and returned to school only after four years, owing to the severity of the surgery and slow recovery.[citation needed] At the age of eighteen, Mujib married Begum Fazilatnnesa. She gave birth to their two daughters—Sheikh Hasina and Sheikh Rehana—and three sons—Sheikh Kamal, Sheikh Jamal and Sheikh Russel.

Mujib became politically active when he joined the All India Muslim Students Federation in 1940. He enrolled at the Islamia College (now Maulana Azad College), a well-respected college affiliated to the University of Calcuttato study law and entered student politics there. He joined the Bengal Muslim League in 1943 and grew close to the faction led by Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, a leading Bengali Muslim leader. During this period, Mujib worked actively for the League’s cause of a separate Muslim state of Pakistan and in 1946 he was elected general secretary of the Islamia College Students Union. After obtaining his degree in 1947, Mujib was one of the Muslim politicians working under Suhrawardy during the communal violence that broke out in Calcutta, in 1946, just before the partition of India.

On his return to East Bengal, he enrolled in the University of Dhaka to study law and founded the East Pakistan Muslim Students’ League and became one of the most prominent student political leaders in the province. During these years, Mujib developed an affinity for socialism as the ideal solution to mass poverty, unemployment and poor living conditions.[citation needed] On January 26, 1949 the government announced that Urdu would officially be the state language of Pakistan. Though still in jail, Mujib encouraged fellow activist groups to launch strikes and protests and undertook a hunger strike for 13 days.[citation needed] Following the declaration of Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the province chief minister Khwaja Nazimuddin in 1948 that the people of East Pakistan, mainly Bengalis, would have to adopt Urdu as the state language, agitation broke out amongst the population. Mujib led the Muslim Students League in organising strikes and protests, and was arrested along with his colleagues by police on March 11.[9][10] The outcry of students and political activists led to the immediate release of Mujib and the others. Mujib was expelled from the university and arrested again in 1949 for attempting to organize the menial and clerical staff in an agitation over workers’ rights.

EARLY POLITICAL CAREER

Sheikh Mujib, 1950Mujib launched his political career, leaving the Muslim League to join Suhrawardy and Maulana Bhashani in the formation of the Awami Muslim League, the predecessor of the Awami League. He was elected joint secretary of its East Pakistan unit in 1949. While Suhrawardy worked to build a larger coalition of East Pakistani and socialist parties, Mujib focused on expanding the grassroots organisation.[citation needed] In 1951, Mujib began organising protests and rallies in response to the killings by police of students who had been protesting against the declaration of Urdu as the sole national language. This period of turmoil, later to be known as the Bengali Language Movement, saw Mujib and many other Bengali politicians arrested. In 1953, he was made the party’s general secretary, and elected to the East Bengal Legislative Assembly on a United Front coalition ticket in 1954. Serving briefly as the minister for agriculture, Mujib was briefly arrested for organizing a protest of the central government’s decision to dismiss the United Front ministry. He was elected to the second Constituent Assembly of Pakistan and served from 1955 to 1958. During a speech in the assembly on the proposed plan to dissolve the provinces in favour of an amalgamated West Pakistan and East Pakistan with a powerful central government, Mujib demanded that the Bengali people’s ethnic identity be respected and that a popular verdict should decide the question:

“Sir [President of the Constituent Assembly], you will see that they want to place the word “East Pakistan” instead of “East Bengal.” We had demanded so many times that you should use Bengal instead of Pakistan. The word “Bengal” has a history, has a tradition of its own. You can change it only after the people have been consulted. So far as the question of one unit is concerned it can come in the constitution. Why do you want it to be taken up just now? What about the state language, Bengali? We will be prepared to consider one-unit with all these things. So I appeal to my friends on that side to allow the people to give their verdict in any way, in the form of referendum or in the form of plebiscite.

In 1956, Mujib entered a second coalition government as minister of industries, commerce, labour, anti-corruption and village aid, but resigned in 1957 to work full-time for the party organization. When General Ayub Khan suspended the constitution and imposed martial law in 1958, Mujib was arrested for organising resistance and imprisoned till 1961. After his release from prison, Mujib started organising an underground political body called the Swadhin Bangal Biplobi Parishad (Free Bangla Revolutionary Council), comprising student leaders in order to oppose the regime of Ayub Khan and to work for increased political power for Bengalis and the independence of East Pakistan. He was briefly arrested again in 1962 for organising protests.